- Festival Fashion Trends: A Journey Through the Decades - December 6, 2025
- 20 Songs Inspired by American Literature - December 6, 2025
- 20 Songs That Became Unofficial National Anthems - December 6, 2025
1. Gender Queer by Maia Kobabe
Maia Kobabe’s “Gender Queer” has sparked heated debates in schools and libraries across the United States. This graphic memoir explores the author’s journey with gender identity and sexuality, using candid illustrations and honest storytelling. According to the American Library Association’s annual reports, “Gender Queer” topped the list of most challenged books in both 2022 and 2023. Parents and advocacy groups often cite explicit imagery and LGBTQIA+ themes as their reasons for requesting removal. Despite the controversy, young readers and educators praise the book for its authenticity and representation. The book’s supporters argue that it gives a vital voice to nonbinary and queer youth. The intense focus on this memoir reflects broader cultural tensions about gender and sexuality in America.
2. All Boys Aren’t Blue by George M. Johnson
“All Boys Aren’t Blue” by George M. Johnson is a powerful collection of essays recounting the author’s experiences growing up Black and queer. The book’s frank discussion of identity, trauma, and coming of age has led to frequent challenges. In 2024, it remained high on the ALA’s list of most challenged books, often facing removal from libraries in conservative communities. Critics usually object to explicit language and sexual content, while supporters say it provides necessary representation and support for marginalized youth. Johnson’s honest writing style invites empathy and understanding, making it a beacon for readers who feel unseen. The ongoing debates around this book highlight the struggles faced by young queer people in America. Its place on the challenged list is a testament to both its impact and the resistance it encounters.
3. The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison
Toni Morrison’s “The Bluest Eye” is a literary classic that has faced bans and challenges for decades. The novel examines issues of race, beauty, and trauma through the eyes of a young Black girl in 1940s Ohio. Many challenges focus on the book’s depictions of sexual abuse and disturbing themes, which some parents and school boards find inappropriate for students. However, educators and literary critics hail the novel as essential reading for understanding America’s racial history. In 2023, it was among the top five most challenged books, according to the ALA. The ongoing controversy shows that Morrison’s work continues to provoke deep discussions about race and violence. Despite repeated attempts at censorship, the book remains widely read and taught.
4. Flamer by Mike Curato
“Flamer” by Mike Curato is a semi-autobiographical graphic novel about a boy navigating adolescence, bullying, and sexual identity at summer camp. Since its release in 2020, the book has been challenged for its depictions of same-sex attraction and suicide ideation. According to PEN America, “Flamer” was one of the most frequently challenged books in public schools in the 2023–2024 school year. Opponents often argue that the content is too mature for middle-grade readers, while advocates say it offers vital support and hope to LGBTQIA+ youth. The graphic format makes the emotional journey even more immediate and relatable. The book’s challenges reflect ongoing struggles around queer representation in children’s literature. Supporters stress that removing it silences voices that desperately need to be heard.
5. Looking for Alaska by John Green
John Green’s “Looking for Alaska” has captured the hearts of teens since its release, but it’s no stranger to controversy. The book tells the story of love, loss, and self-discovery at a boarding school, and it’s been challenged for its sexual content, language, and depiction of substance abuse. The ALA has consistently listed it among the top challenged books for over a decade. Green himself has defended the book, arguing that its themes are relevant and helpful for young readers grappling with real-life issues. Many educators agree, saying it opens important conversations about grief and mental health. The continued resistance to “Looking for Alaska” shows how uncomfortable some adults are with teens confronting difficult topics. Its place on the list is evidence of its enduring relevance and the debates it sparks.
6. Lawn Boy by Jonathan Evison
“Lawn Boy” by Jonathan Evison is a coming-of-age story about a young Mexican American man struggling with class, identity, and sexuality. The book has faced challenges in school libraries due to its sexual content and frank discussions of race and poverty. According to the ALA’s 2023 rankings, “Lawn Boy” was one of the most frequently challenged books in the nation. Critics often argue that the book is inappropriate for teenagers, while supporters counter that it reflects the realities many young people face. Evison has spoken out, saying that book bans “erase stories that don’t fit a narrow mold.” “Lawn Boy” continues to be at the center of heated debates about who gets to see themselves reflected in literature.
7. The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas
Angie Thomas’s “The Hate U Give” was inspired by the Black Lives Matter movement and tells the story of a teenager who witnesses a police shooting. The book has been challenged for its use of strong language, depictions of drug use, and its unflinching portrayal of racism and police brutality. According to ALA reports, it has been one of the most challenged books since its release in 2017. Supporters argue that it provides a crucial lens for understanding systemic racism, while opponents worry about its “divisive” content. Teachers and librarians often defend its place on reading lists, pointing out its positive impact on students’ empathy and awareness. The book’s persistent presence on challenged lists is a sign of its power to provoke dialogue. For many, it’s an essential read in today’s social climate.
8. Out of Darkness by Ashley Hope Pérez
“Out of Darkness” by Ashley Hope Pérez is a historical novel set in 1930s Texas, weaving a tragic love story against a backdrop of racism and disaster. The book’s graphic depictions of sexual abuse, racism, and violence have led to repeated challenges, especially in Southern states. In 2023, it was among the top ten most challenged books, according to PEN America. Critics argue that it’s too explicit for teenagers, while supporters insist that confronting difficult history is necessary for growth and understanding. Pérez has defended her novel, saying that shielding young people from hard truths does them a disservice. The ongoing debates around this book reveal deep divides over how history and trauma should be taught. Despite the controversy, “Out of Darkness” continues to receive critical acclaim.
9. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie
Sherman Alexie’s “The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian” tells the story of a Native American teenager navigating life on and off the reservation. The book is often challenged for its references to sex, violence, and alcohol, as well as its frank portrayal of poverty and racism. According to the ALA, it’s one of the most banned books of the last fifteen years. Teachers and librarians argue that it’s a powerful tool for building empathy and understanding, especially for students from marginalized backgrounds. Despite frequent removal attempts, many educators keep fighting to keep it on shelves. Alexie’s raw honesty and humor make the book both relatable and eye-opening. The novel remains a lightning rod in debates over cultural representation in young adult literature.
10. This Book Is Gay by Juno Dawson
Juno Dawson’s “This Book Is Gay” is a nonfiction guide for LGBTQIA+ teens, covering everything from relationships to coming out. Since its publication, it has been targeted for removal in many school and public libraries due to its frank discussions of sex and sexuality. According to the ALA’s 2023 report, it was one of the top five most challenged books in the country. Opponents claim it is too explicit for its intended age group, while supporters argue that it provides life-saving information and affirmation for queer youth. Dawson has described the bans as “dangerous” and “misguided.” The continued controversy around this book shows how fraught conversations about sex education and LGBTQIA+ topics remain. Many young people have said the book helped them feel less alone.
11. Crank by Ellen Hopkins
Ellen Hopkins’s “Crank” is a young adult novel based on the author’s daughter’s struggle with meth addiction. The book has been challenged for its graphic depictions of drug use, sex, and violence. According to the ALA, “Crank” is one of the most frequently banned contemporary novels in American schools. Supporters argue that it offers a realistic look at the dangers of addiction, helping readers understand the consequences and complexities. Critics worry that it glamorizes risky behavior, though Hopkins has repeatedly countered that her intent is to warn, not promote. The book’s raw, poetic style makes the story even more powerful and intense. Its place on banned lists reflects broader anxieties about how to discuss addiction with young people.
12. The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky
“The Perks of Being a Wallflower” by Stephen Chbosky has been a staple of high school reading lists since the 1990s, but it remains controversial. The novel explores mental health, sexual abuse, and the challenges of adolescence. Repeatedly challenged for depictions of drug use, sexuality, and suicide, it was among the top ten most challenged books in 2022 and 2023. Supporters emphasize its positive impact on teens struggling with similar issues, saying it encourages empathy and resilience. Critics, on the other hand, worry about exposing young readers to such intense topics. Chbosky has spoken about the importance of telling the truth about teenage life. The book’s continued popularity and controversy demonstrate its cultural significance.
13. Drama by Raina Telgemeier
Raina Telgemeier’s graphic novel “Drama” follows a middle-school theater production and features LGBTQIA+ characters. The book has faced challenges for its depiction of same-sex crushes and relationships, even though the content is mild compared to other entries on this list. According to the ALA, “Drama” was among the top ten most challenged books in recent years, especially in elementary and middle schools. Opponents often claim it promotes “inappropriate” themes, while supporters argue that it normalizes diversity and acceptance. Telgemeier has said she wanted to write stories that reflect the real world her readers live in. The resistance to “Drama” highlights how even gentle representation can spark backlash. The book is beloved by many young readers for its humor and heart.
14. Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher
Jay Asher’s “Thirteen Reasons Why” tells the story of a teenager’s suicide through a series of cassette tapes left for her classmates. The book has been challenged for its depiction of suicide, bullying, and sexual assault. After the release of the Netflix adaptation, challenges increased sharply, with critics arguing it could negatively influence vulnerable readers. According to the ALA, it remains one of the most frequently challenged books in the past five years. Supporters say it opens necessary conversations about mental health and the impact of bullying. Asher has stated the book’s intent is to raise awareness and promote empathy. The debates around “Thirteen Reasons Why” reflect society’s discomfort with addressing mental health in young people.
15. Beyond Magenta by Susan Kuklin
“Beyond Magenta” by Susan Kuklin features interviews with transgender and nonbinary teens, providing a platform for their stories. The book has faced challenges for its candid discussions of gender identity, sexuality, and transition. According to PEN America, it has been among the most targeted books for removal from school libraries since 2022. Critics argue that the book is “too mature” for young readers, while supporters insist that it offers crucial understanding and validation. Kuklin’s approach is empathetic and respectful, letting the teens speak in their own voices. The book’s presence on challenged lists highlights ongoing cultural battles over trans visibility. Many readers say it helped them understand themselves or someone they love.
16. Tricks by Ellen Hopkins
Ellen Hopkins appears again with “Tricks,” a novel following five teenagers who become involved in prostitution. The book is frequently challenged for its graphic sexual content, mature themes, and depiction of abuse. According to ALA data, it’s a regular on banned and challenged book lists since its release in 2009. Supporters argue that the book shines a light on real issues facing vulnerable teens, while opponents worry about exposing young readers to such darkness. Hopkins’s books are known for tackling tough subjects head-on, sparking both praise and criticism. “Tricks” continues to be a touchstone in debates over the limits of young adult fiction. The novel’s inclusion in libraries remains hotly contested.
17. The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini
Khaled Hosseini’s “The Kite Runner” has been both celebrated and censored in American schools. The novel tells a story of friendship, betrayal, and redemption in Afghanistan, but its depictions of sexual violence and ethnic conflict have led to frequent challenges. According to PEN America, it was one of the most challenged books in high schools in 2023. Supporters say it builds empathy and global awareness, while opponents argue it’s too graphic for teenagers. The author has defended the book’s place in classrooms, highlighting its power to foster understanding. The ongoing debates mirror larger questions about how to teach history and trauma. The book’s literary acclaim has not shielded it from controversy.
18. Melissa (formerly George) by Alex Gino
“Melissa” by Alex Gino, formerly published as “George,” is a children’s novel about a transgender girl navigating her identity in elementary school. The book has been among the most challenged in the country for several years, according to the ALA. Opponents often cite objections to the book’s LGBTQIA+ themes, while supporters argue that it’s a gentle, affirming story for young readers. Gino has spoken about the importance of representation for trans children in literature. The book’s challenges highlight the persistence of anti-trans sentiment in some communities. Many parents and educators see “Melissa” as a lifeline for children questioning their gender identity.
19. Speak by Laurie Halse Anderson
“Speak” by Laurie Halse Anderson tackles the aftermath of sexual assault and the struggle to find one’s voice. Since its publication, the book has been challenged for its subject matter and “explicit” content. According to the ALA, it’s one of the most frequently challenged books of the past two decades. Supporters argue that it’s an essential tool for discussing consent and trauma, while opponents worry it’s too mature for teens. Anderson has been vocal in defending the necessity of telling these stories, especially for survivors. The persistence of “Speak” on banned lists shows how difficult it remains to talk openly about sexual violence. The novel is widely praised for its empathy and sensitivity.
20. Stamped: Racism, Antiracism, and You by Ibram X. Kendi and Jason Reynolds
“Stamped” is a remix of Kendi’s academic history of racism in America, adapted by Jason Reynolds for younger readers. The book has faced challenges for its discussions of systemic racism and claims of “divisive” content. According to PEN America, it was among the most targeted titles in both middle and high schools in 2023 and 2024. Supporters say it helps students understand American history honestly, while critics accuse it of promoting a negative view of the country. Reynolds and Kendi have defended the book as a call to awareness and action. The debates reflect ongoing culture wars over how to teach race in schools. The book’s continued challenges underscore its impact.
21. The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood
Margaret Atwood’s “The Handmaid’s Tale” is a dystopian classic often challenged for its mature content, sexual violence, and political themes. According to the ALA, it was among the top challenged books in 2023, especially after renewed interest due to the television adaptation. Critics argue that the book’s themes are too dark for teens, while supporters say it’s a warning about the dangers of authoritarianism and loss of rights. Atwood has described censorship efforts as “frightening.” The novel’s continued challenges reflect anxieties about women’s rights and freedom. Its presence on banned lists is a testament to its ongoing relevance.
22. A Court of Mist and Fury by Sarah J. Maas
Sarah J. Maas’s “A Court of Mist and Fury,” part of her fantasy series, has been challenged for its explicit sexual content and mature themes. According to PEN America, it has seen an uptick in challenges since 2022, especially in school districts that previously allowed fantasy novels. Opponents often object to the graphic nature of certain scenes, arguing the book is unsuitable for teens. Supporters counter that the series empowers female characters and explores healthy relationships. Maas has a devoted following, and many readers praise her for tackling complex emotions. The ongoing debates highlight the shifting boundaries of what’s acceptable in young adult fantasy. The book’s inclusion on challenged lists is relatively new, reflecting changing trends.
23. I Am Jazz by Jessica Herthel and Jazz Jennings
“I Am Jazz” is a picture book co-written by transgender activist Jazz Jennings and Jessica Herthel. It tells the story of a transgender child, based on Jazz’s real-life experience. The book has been challenged in elementary schools and public libraries for its depiction of transgender identity. According to the ALA and PEN America, “I Am Jazz” has been among the most frequently challenged books for young children since 2015. Supporters argue that it fosters understanding and inclusion, while opponents claim it’s inappropriate for the age group. Jennings has been open about the importance of visibility for trans children. The book’s challenges reflect broader debates about LGBTQIA+ education in early grades.
24. The Freedom Writers Diary by Erin Gruwell and the Freedom Writers
“The Freedom Writers Diary” collects the real-life stories of at-risk students in Long Beach, California, as they confront racism, violence, and poverty. The book has faced challenges for its depictions of gang violence, language, and mature topics. According to PEN America, it remains a frequent target for removal in high schools, especially in districts concerned about “negative” influences. Supporters champion the book for its honesty and inspiration, arguing that it gives voice to marginalized youth. Gruwell has spoken about the transformative power of storytelling. Critics, however, worry about the rawness of the content. The book’s place on challenged lists underscores tensions about which stories deserve to be told.
25. Fun Home by Alison Bechdel
“Fun Home” by Alison Bechdel is a graphic memoir that explores family, sexuality, and the search for identity. The book has been challenged for its depictions of sexual content and LGBTQIA+ themes. According to PEN America and the ALA, it has been a frequent target of bans in both high schools and colleges over the past decade. Supporters argue that Bechdel’s work is a touchstone for queer literature and offers vital representation. Opponents claim the content is too explicit for young readers. The ongoing debates about “Fun Home” reflect larger struggles over what kinds of stories are deemed acceptable in America’s classrooms and libraries. The book’s place on challenged lists is a testament to its lasting impact.
Besides founding Festivaltopia, Luca is the co founder of trib, an art and fashion collectiv you find on several regional events and online. Also he is part of the management board at HORiZONTE, a group travel provider in Germany.
