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Pride and Prejudice (1813) – Jane Austen 💍
The original title of Jane Austen’s much-loved novel was “First Impressions.” However, Austen decided to change it to “Pride and Prejudice” after realizing another book had already claimed the initial title. This change wasn’t just about avoiding duplication; it also more accurately captured the novel’s themes of misunderstandings and personal growth. Despite its current popularity, the book was initially published anonymously, as was common for female authors of the time. The novel delves into the intricacies of manners, upbringing, and marriage in early 19th-century England, themes that are still relevant today. Austen’s sharp wit and keen observations have made it a timeless classic. Did you know that the novel has never been out of print since its publication? This speaks volumes about its enduring appeal.
Moby-Dick (1851) – Herman Melville 🐋
“Moby-Dick” is often hailed as one of the greatest American novels, but it wasn’t always so revered. In fact, during Herman Melville’s lifetime, the book was a commercial failure, selling fewer than 3,000 copies. The novel’s complex structure and deep philosophical themes were ahead of its time, which may have contributed to its initial poor reception. Melville drew inspiration from his own experiences at sea and real-life accounts of whaling expeditions. Today, “Moby-Dick” is celebrated for its rich symbolism and exploration of human obsession. The character of Captain Ahab, driven by revenge against the white whale, serves as a powerful metaphor for the destructiveness of unchecked ambition. Interestingly, Melville’s financial struggles led him to take a job as a customs inspector, a position he held for nearly two decades.
Frankenstein (1818) – Mary Shelley ⚡
Mary Shelley began writing “Frankenstein” during a stormy summer in 1816, when she, her husband Percy Shelley, and Lord Byron challenged each other to write ghost stories. This creative competition took place at Villa Diodati near Lake Geneva, an event that has since become legendary. The novel, often considered the first science fiction story, explores themes of creation, responsibility, and the limits of human knowledge. Shelley’s tale of Victor Frankenstein and his monstrous creation has sparked countless adaptations and continues to influence popular culture. Despite its horror elements, “Frankenstein” is also a deeply philosophical work, questioning what it means to be human. The novel was published anonymously, with Mary Shelley’s name appearing only on the second edition. It remains a profound exploration of the human condition.
To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) – Harper Lee 🏡
Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird” is a cornerstone of American literature, but not everyone knows that the character of Dill was inspired by Lee’s childhood friend, Truman Capote. Their friendship was a significant influence on Lee, and Capote even accompanied her to interviews when she was researching for the novel. The book, set in the racially segregated South, tackles themes of racial injustice and moral growth. Published during the Civil Rights Movement, it resonated deeply with readers and has remained a powerful narrative ever since. Despite its critical acclaim, Lee only published one other novel, “Go Set a Watchman,” which was controversially released in 2015. “To Kill a Mockingbird” earned a Pulitzer Prize and has been translated into more than 40 languages, underscoring its global impact.
The Great Gatsby (1925) – F. Scott Fitzgerald 🎉
F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “The Great Gatsby” almost had a very different title: “Trimalchio in West Egg.” This name was a nod to an extravagant character from Roman literature, reflecting Gatsby’s own opulent lifestyle. However, Fitzgerald’s publisher felt the title lacked appeal, leading to the change. The novel is a poignant critique of the American Dream, exploring themes of wealth, love, and social status in the Jazz Age. Though it didn’t gain immediate success, its reputation grew over time, and today it’s considered a quintessential American novel. The story of Jay Gatsby and his unrequited love for Daisy Buchanan has captivated generations, with numerous film and stage adaptations. Interestingly, Fitzgerald’s own life mirrored the excesses and tragedies depicted in his work, making “The Great Gatsby” a deeply personal narrative.
1984 (1949) – George Orwell 👁
George Orwell’s “1984” is a chilling dystopian novel that has left a lasting mark on literature and society. But did you know it was almost titled “The Last Man in Europe”? Orwell’s publisher suggested “1984” as a more marketable name, which also aligned with the book’s futuristic setting. The novel explores themes of totalitarianism, surveillance, and individuality, painting a grim picture of a world where Big Brother is always watching. Orwell’s insights into the dangers of unchecked government power remain relevant today, making “1984” a staple in discussions about freedom and privacy. The book’s influence extends beyond literature, with terms like “Orwellian” and “Big Brother” entering everyday language. Orwell’s prophetic vision continues to resonate, sparking debates about the balance between security and personal freedom.
Dracula (1897) – Bram Stoker 🦇
Bram Stoker’s “Dracula” is a seminal work in the horror genre, but it may surprise you to learn that Stoker never visited Transylvania. Instead, he based Dracula’s castle on descriptions from travel books, relying on imagination and research to create the novel’s eerie setting. The book introduces Count Dracula, a vampire from Eastern Europe who seeks to spread his undead curse to England. Stoker’s tale of good versus evil, along with its gothic atmosphere, has inspired countless adaptations and vampire lore. Despite its success, Stoker didn’t see much financial reward during his lifetime. “Dracula” has since become a cultural icon, with the titular character symbolizing both fear and fascination. The novel’s exploration of sexuality, power, and immortality continues to captivate readers and scholars alike.
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) – Lewis Carroll 🎩
Lewis Carroll’s “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” is a whimsical tale that has enchanted readers for generations. The story was inspired by a real girl, Alice Liddell, who was a friend of Carroll’s. Carroll, whose real name was Charles Dodgson, first told the story to Alice and her sisters during a boating trip. The novel’s playful language, fantastical characters, and absurd scenarios have made it a beloved classic. Its exploration of identity, logic, and imagination challenges readers to question reality and embrace curiosity. Carroll, a mathematician, infused the narrative with logical puzzles and wordplay, adding depth to the seemingly nonsensical plot. “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” has been adapted into numerous films, plays, and artworks, cementing its status as a cultural treasure.
The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890) – Oscar Wilde 🎭
Oscar Wilde’s “The Picture of Dorian Gray” shocked Victorian society with its themes of hedonism and moral decay. The novel tells the story of Dorian Gray, a man who remains youthful while his portrait ages, reflecting his corrupt inner self. Wilde’s exploration of vanity, art, and the duality of human nature provoked controversy, leading him to tone down some passages in later editions. Despite its initial scandalous reception, the novel is now celebrated for its wit and philosophical depth. Wilde’s sharp critique of society’s obsession with appearance and superficiality remains relevant today. The book’s themes of identity and consequence continue to resonate, prompting readers to reflect on their own values and choices. “The Picture of Dorian Gray” stands as a testament to Wilde’s literary genius and enduring legacy.
Wuthering Heights (1847) – Emily Brontë 🌫
Emily Brontë’s “Wuthering Heights” is a dark and intense novel that broke conventions upon its release. Its portrayal of passionate and destructive love was considered shocking, leading to mixed reviews. The novel’s complex narrative structure and bleak setting on the Yorkshire moors add to its haunting atmosphere. Brontë’s exploration of revenge, obsession, and the supernatural challenges readers to confront the darker aspects of human nature. Despite initial criticism, “Wuthering Heights” has since been recognized as a masterpiece of English literature, with its themes continuing to captivate audiences. The book’s enduring appeal lies in its raw emotional power and exploration of love’s capacity to both heal and destroy. Emily Brontë’s singular novel remains a powerful testament to her unique voice and vision.
Besides founding Festivaltopia, Luca is the co founder of trib, an art and fashion collectiv you find on several regional events and online. Also he is part of the management board at HORiZONTE, a group travel provider in Germany.
